新疆卡拉麦里地区晚古生代以来不同构造层特征及大地构造意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

吴润江张元元  谭佳奕郭召杰 《地学前缘》2009,16(3):102-109

摘要：卡拉麦里地区石炭纪以来的岩石地层系统由三大套构造岩石地层单位构成, 分别是以劈理、紧闭褶皱极为发育的卡拉麦里蛇绿混杂岩带为代表的造山带基底层系,以开阔褶皱为主要构造变形的石炭纪后碰撞构造层,和高角度正断层及平缓褶皱较发育的二叠-侏罗纪陆内湖盆构造层。它们分别记录了卡拉麦里地区前石炭纪碰撞造山阶段、石炭纪后碰撞阶段和二叠纪后板内断陷 坳陷阶段的沉积 变形特征。  相似文献   

辽宁花坤头营子旋卷构造中侵入岩特征与构造演化的关系     

潘明臣  徐桂岩  刘文海  梁有为  王福君  鲁红峰  胡海彦  李红梅  邵学峰  刘爽 《地质与资源》2015,24(4):325-331

花坤头营子侵入岩是花坤头营子旋卷构造的重要组成部分,共分出4个侵入体,分别为早石炭世辉绿岩、早三叠世闪长岩、中侏罗世二长花岗岩、早白垩世花岗斑岩,最晚还有一期流纹斑岩脉侵入.岩浆来源除早石炭世辉绿岩来自上地幔,余下几个序次来源于下地壳,并熔融了部分陆壳物质.以被动就位机制为特征.  相似文献   

北极地区地质构造及主要构造事件   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李学杰  姚永坚  杨楚鹏  陈振林  汪俊  张亚玲 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2015,45(2):335-348

北极地区范围很广,北极圈面积达2 100×10⁴ km²,区域地质复杂。通过对北极地区区域地质编图,笔者认为前寒武纪主要由波罗的、劳伦和西伯利亚三大克拉通,以及其间的微板块或地块组成。主要造山带包括新元古代-早寒武世的贝加尔造山带、晚志留世-早石炭世的加里东造山带、晚古生代-早中生代的海西造山带、晚中生代的上扬斯克造山带、新西伯利亚造山带与楚科奇-布鲁克斯造山带。根据北极地区区域地质构造特征,显生宙以来经历的构造事件大致包括:新元古代-早寒武世的贝加尔运动,致使波罗的古陆与斯瓦尔巴-喀拉地块碰撞造山;晚泥盆世-早石炭世的加里东运动,在劳伦古陆周边形成规模巨大的加里东造山带;晚古生代的海西运动,波罗的古陆与西伯利亚古陆的碰撞造山形成海西造山带;北极阿拉斯加-楚科奇微板块裂离加拿大边缘,侏罗纪加拿大海盆开始张开;早白垩世,阿拉斯加-楚科奇微板块继续与西伯利亚碰撞,阿纽伊洋(Anyui Ocean)消亡,形成上扬斯克-布鲁克斯造山带。受北极调查程度影响,许多问题有待进一步研究。  相似文献   

关于秦岭造山带   总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0  

张国伟  郭安林  董云鹏  姚安平 《地质力学学报》2019,25(5):746-768

纪念老一代地球科学家李四光先生,思考地球科学与大地构造学的创新发展。文章以秦岭造山带为例思考大陆复合造山及其动力学,认知概括秦岭造山带基本属性与特质,探索认识中小多板块多期洋陆俯冲造山-陆-陆板块俯冲碰撞造山的板块复合造山,并又强烈叠加复合陆内造山,造成复杂组成与结构,形成立交桥式四维流变学分层的多层非耦合动态演化的大陆复合造山带模型,及其新的演化趋势动态和构成国家人类需求的成矿成藏物质财富与宜居的地表系统环境等,期望前瞻探索认知地球发展的未来。文章还就秦岭造山带几个有争议的问题,进行简要讨论,共求新的探索研究发展。期盼学习李四光先生学术理论精华,尤其在深化发展板块构造,探索认知大陆构造与动力学方面,创新发展地质力学,以宇宙太阳系视野探索地球动力学,推动大地构造新发展。   相似文献   

大别-苏鲁造山带橄榄岩记录的碰撞造山过程中地幔楔的地壳交代作用     

陈仁旭  尹壮壮  夏春鹏 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2019,(3):459-484,438

地壳交代作用是洋壳俯冲带板片-地幔界面的普遍现象,由于地幔楔样品的缺乏,其识别存在困难。而碰撞造山带广泛出露的地幔楔来源的造山带橄榄岩则是理想的研究对象。本文对大别-苏鲁造山带橄榄岩的已有研究成果进行了系统总结。这些成果表明这些橄榄岩在大洋俯冲向大陆碰撞转换的不同阶段经历了多期地壳来源流体的交代作用。地壳交代作用不仅改变了地幔楔橄榄岩的地球化学成分,而且导致了交代矿物的生长以及超镁铁质交代体的形成。这些交代体或作为同碰撞和碰撞后镁铁质火成岩的地幔源区,或将地壳组分传输到深部地幔,或释放流体交代大陆俯冲隧道中的俯冲陆壳。本文对地壳交代作用研究中存在的重要问题和解决思路提出了建议。  相似文献   

滇东南富宁地区基性侵入岩与峨眉山地幔柱存在成因关系吗?——来自1∶5万洞波幅和皈朝幅地质填图的证据   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1  

江文  向忠金  夏文静  夏磊  张慧  PHAM Van Tho  闫全人  卫巍 《岩石学报》2017,33(10):3109-3122

在滇东南富宁地区,出露一系列以辉绿岩为主、含少量辉长辉绿岩和辉绿玢岩的基性侵入岩。根据地球化学、同位素地球化学以及锆石U-Pb年代学等分析结果,前人将这些基性侵入岩视作峨眉山大火成岩省的组成部分,源自峨眉山地幔柱。国内外研究的共识认为,峨眉山地幔柱活动发生于263~252Ma之间,持续时间极短。在开展1∶2.5万大比例尺地质调查与填图(洞波幅和皈朝幅1∶5万地质调查手图)过程中,我们发现,这些基性侵入岩不仅侵入古生代地层,还侵入了富宁县皈朝一带的晚二叠世-中三叠世岛弧玄武安山岩(255~241Ma)以及早-中三叠世地层。这些地质事实表明,富宁地区基性侵入岩的形成时代至少晚于中三叠世Anisian期或更晚,与峨眉山地幔柱活动时代存在很大的时差,岩石类型与组合上也与峨眉山大火成岩省的有很大差异。根据我们填图过程中获得的基本地质事实分析,滇东南富宁地区的基性侵入岩是华南地块与北越地块间的古特提斯分支洋盆闭合、两个地块碰撞造山(即印支造山)后的岩浆活动产物,与峨眉山地幔柱没有成因关系。  相似文献   

燕山西部尚义盆地沉积岩区专题地质填图方法与成果     

许欢  柳永清  旷红伟  彭楠  江小均 《地质通报》2017,36(11):1893-1918

燕山运动是中国东部晚中生代重要的陆内造山运动,具有广泛而深远的地质影响。虽然前人对燕山运动的研究已近百年,积累了大量研究成果,然而目前对于燕山造山带的陆内造山过程仍存在很大争议。针对这一科学问题,选取燕山西部尚义盆地开展了1∶5万专题地质填图。在此基础上,通过盆地充填序列、岩相、沉积环境、物源的综合分析,恢复了盆地岩相古地理,建立了盆地演化模型,并探讨了燕山造山带陆内造山过程的沉积响应。根据沉积岩区岩相组合填图方法,绘制了1∶5万组-相级岩相分布图。燕山西部尚义盆地侏罗纪—早白垩世早期沉积演化记录了燕山造山带造山前伸展、同造山挤压和造山后伸展的全过程。  相似文献   

内蒙古京格斯台晚石炭世碱性花岗岩年代学及地球化学特征——岩石成因及对构造演化的约束     

王树庆  胡晓佳  赵华雷  辛后田  杨泽黎  刘文刚  何丽 《地质学报》2017,91(7):1467-1482

京格斯台碱性花岗岩出露于内蒙古东乌旗西北部的中蒙边境一带,是准噶尔-南蒙古-内蒙古碱性花岗岩带的一部分,为一套含钠铁闪石碱性花岗岩类。锆石LA-MC-ICPMS U-Pb测年获得了301.3±1.5Ma(n=21,MSWD=1.3)的年龄,表明侵位时代为晚石炭世。全岩地球化学分析显示样品具有高SiO2(75.16%~76.96%)、高碱(K2O=4.61%~5.04%,Na2O=3.98%~4.24%)、贫CaO(0.08%~0.25%)、MgO(0.07%~0.1%),低FeOt(1.05%~2.05%),高的FeOt/MgO比值(12.85~29.66),属于弱过铝质系列;富集Rb、Th、U、K等大离子亲石元素及Zr、Hf等高场强元素,弱亏损Nb、Ta,强烈亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti等;稀土元素总量较低[ΣREE范围为(70.19~193.93)×10~(-6),平均值为126.82×10~(-6)],轻稀土略富集,具有明显的Eu负异常(δEu=0.03~0.07),呈类似"海鸥"型稀土配分模式。岩石学及地球化学特征表明京格斯台碱性花岗岩属于碱质A型花岗岩。锆石原位Hf同位素和全岩Nd同位素分析显示其具有亏损的Hf-Nd同位素组成εHf(t)和εNd(t)均为正值,Hf地壳存留模式年龄范围为385~1605Ma,并且多数集中于600~900Ma,二阶段Nd模式年龄范围为582~650Ma,这表明源岩为幔源新生地壳物质,代表了新元古代一次地壳增生。综合岩石学、岩石地球化学和同位素地球化学数据,我们认为京格斯台碱性花岗岩是由新生地壳,在晚石炭世贺根山洋闭合后的后造山伸展阶段,在上涌软流圈的加热及减压作用下部分熔融形成的,形成于后造山构造环境。  相似文献   

Mid to late Paleozoic shortening pulses in the Lachlan Orogen,southeastern Australia: a review   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

C. L. Fergusson 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2017,64(1):1-39

In the late Silurian, the Lachlan Orogen of southeastern Australia had a varied paleogeography with deep-marine, shallow-marine, subaerial environments and widespread igneous activity reflecting an extensional backarc setting. This changed to a compressional–extensional regime in the Devonian associated with episodic compressional events, including the Bindian, Tabberabberan and Kanimblan orogenies. The Early Devonian Bindian Orogeny was associated with SSE transport of the Wagga–Omeo Zone that was synchronous with thick sedimentation in the Cobar and Darling basins in central and western New South Wales. Shortening has been controlled by the margins of the Wagga–Omeo Zone with partitioning along strike-slip faults, such as along the Gilmore Fault, and inversion of pre-existing extensional basins including the Limestone Creek Graben and the Canbelego–Mineral Hill Volcanic Belt. Shortening was more widespread in the late Early Devonian to Middle Devonian Tabberabberan Orogeny, with major deformation in the Melbourne Zone, Cobar Basin and eastern Lachlan Orogen. In the eastern Melbourne Zone, structural trends have been controlled by the pre-existing structural grain in the adjacent Tabberabbera Zone. Elsewhere Tabberabberan deformation involved inversion of pre-existing rifts resulting in a variation in structural trends. In the Early Carboniferous, the Lachlan Orogen was in a compressional backarc setting west of the New England continental margin arc with Kanimblan deformation most evident in Upper Devonian units in the eastern Lachlan Orogen. Kanimblan structures include major thrusts and associated fault-propagation folds indicated by footwall synclines with a steeply dipping to overturned limb adjacent to the fault. Ongoing deformation and sedimentation have been documented in the Mt Howitt Province of eastern Victoria. Overall, structural trends reflect a combination of controls provided by reactivation of pre-existing contractional and extensional structures in dominantly E–W shortening operating intermittently from the earliest Devonian to Early Carboniferous.  相似文献   

Geology,geochronology and fluid characteristics of the Pingqiu gold deposit,Southeastern Guizhou Province,China     

《Ore Geology Reviews》2017

The junction of the southeastern Guizhou, the southwestern Hunan, and the northern Guangxi regions is located within the southwestern Jiangnan orogen and forms a NE-trending ∼250 km gold belt containing more than 100 gold deposits and occurrences. The Pingqiu gold deposit is one of the numerous lode gold deposits in the southeastern Guizhou district. Gold mineralization is hosted in Neoproterozoic lower greenschist facies metamorphic rocks and controlled by fold-related structures. Vein types present at Pingqiu include bedding-parallel and discordant types, with saddle-reefs and their down limb extensions dominating but with lesser discordant types. The major sulfide minerals are arsenopyrite and pyrite, with minor sphalerite, galena, chalcopyrite, and rare pyrrhotite, marcasite, and tetrahedrite. Much of the gold is μm- to mm-sized grains, and occurs as fracture-controlled isolated grains or filaments in quartz, galena, sphalerite, pyrite, and wallrock.Three types of fluid inclusions are distinguished in hydrothermal minerals. Type 1 aqueous inclusions have homogenization temperatures of 171–396 °C and salinities of 1.4–9.8 wt% NaCl equiv. Type 2 aqueous-carbonic inclusions yield final homogenization temperatures of 187–350 °C, with salinities of 0.2–7.7 wt% NaCl equiv. Type 3 inclusions are carbonic inclusions with variable relative content of CO₂ and CH₄, and minor amounts of N₂ and H₂O. The close association of CO₂-rich inclusions and H₂O-rich inclusions in groups and along the same trail suggests the presence of fluid immiscibility. The calculated δ¹⁸O_H2O values range from 4.3‰ to 8.3‰ and δD_H2O values of fluid inclusions vary from −55.8‰ to −46.9‰. A metamorphic origin is preferred on the basis of geological background and analogies with other similar deposit types.Two ore-related sericite samples yield well-defined ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar plateau ages of 425.7 ± 1.7 Ma and 425.2 ± 1.3 Ma, respectively. These data overlap the duration of the Caledonian gold mineralization along the Jiangnan orogen, and suggest that gold mineralization was post-peak regional metamorphism and occurred during the later stages of the Caledonian orogeny.Overall, the Pingqiu gold deposit displays many of the principal characteristics of the Bendigo gold mines in the western Lachlan Orogen (SE Australia) and the Dufferin gold deposit in the Meguma Terrane (Nova Scotia, Canada) but also some important differences, which may lead to the disparity in gold endowment. However, the structural make-up at deposit scale, and the shallow mining depth at present indicate that the Pingqiu gold deposit may have considerable gold potential at depth.  相似文献